Welcome to “ISC Total English Class 11 Solution : Chapter 9,” where we provide comprehensive solutions to Chapter 9 from the Total English textbook by Morning Star. This essential resource for ISC English Language students offers precise answers to all assignments and Specimen papers included in the chapter. Each solution is crafted with 100% accuracy, ensuring students gain a clear understanding and excel in their studies. Whether you are navigating the ISC syllabus or seeking thorough explanations, this post promises to be your reliable companion. Join us as we delve into Chapter 9 , illuminating every aspect with detailed and accurate solutions
a. active and passive voice
Assignment ( Page - 126 )
In each of the following stems, sentence A is complete, but sentence B is not. Complete sentenex, making it as similar in meaning to sentence A. Write down sentence B complete in each case.
1.(A) Three men are loading the wagon.
(B) The wagon …………………………………………………….
Answer:- The wagon is being loaded by three men.
2. (A)The President gave Sasha a reward for her bravery.
(B)Sasha …………………………………………………….
Answer:- Sasha was given a reward for her bravery by the President.
3. (A) Mr Singh was known to be a cruel man.
(B) People …………………………………………………….
Answer:- People knew Mr Singh to be a cruel man.
4. (A) Alas! We shall hear Rajiv’s voice no more.
(B) Alas! Rajiv’s voice …………………………………………………….
Answer:- Alas! Rajiv’s voice will not be heard any more.
5. ( A) One of the most eminent scholars of the day reviewed the book on wildlife.
(B) The book …………………………………………………….
Answer:- The book on wildlife was reviewed by one of th most eminent scholars of the day.
6.(A) Why did Sam deprive you of your money?
(B) Why were you …………………………………………………….
Answer:- Why were you deprived of your money by Sam?
7. (A) Short skirts are now being worn again.
(B) Girls are …………………………………………………….
Answer:- Girls are now wearing short skirts again.
8. (A) Too much is being taken for granted.
(B) They are …………………………………………………….
Answer:- They are taking too much for granted.
9. (A) The king’s subjects accused him of various offences.
(B) The king was …………………………………………………….
Answer:- The king was accused of various offences by his subjects.
10. (A) Who has broken the glass?
(B) By whom …………………………………………………….
Answer:- By whom has the glass been broken?
11. (A) We so often feel that these situations need never arise.
(B) It …………………………………………………….
Answer:- It is often felt by us that these situations need never arise.
12. (A) They must listen to his voice.
(B) His voice …………………………………………………….
Answer:- His voice must be listened to by them.
13. (A) Varun hoped to succeed his father.
(B) It …………………………………………………….
Answer:- It was hoped by Varun that he would succeed his father.
14. (A) There is reason to believe that they have saved the crew.
(B) It is
Answer:- It is believed that the crew has been saved by them.
15. (A) No one ought ever to make so false an accusation.
(B) So false an accusation …………………………………………………….
Answer:- So false an accusation ought not to be ever made by anyone.
b. directed writing - 3
Assignment - 1 ( Page - 128 )
1. You have been asked to deliver a speech on the occasion of the World Yoga Day, describing the benefits of yoga. Prepare a suitable speech on the above topic.
Answer:- Ladies and Gentlemen,
Good morning!
Today, we gather to celebrate World Yoga Day, a day dedicated to appreciating and practicing one of the most profound and beneficial disciplines known to humankind. Yoga, a term derived from the Sanskrit word “Yuj,” meaning to join or unite, embodies the essence of integrating mind, body, and spirit. Its origins trace back thousands of years to the ancient Indian scriptures, including the Vedas and the Upanishads, where it is revered as a path to spiritual enlightenment and physical well-being.
Our ancestors understood the value of yoga not just as a physical practice but as a holistic approach to achieving balance and harmony in life. Ancient texts like the Bhagavad Gita and the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali emphasize yoga’s role in cultivating inner peace and self-awareness, providing a framework that has guided generations toward a healthier, more mindful existence.
In our modern world, where stress and sedentary lifestyles have become commonplace, the practice of yoga offers a beacon of hope and healing. The benefits of yoga are manifold, extending far beyond the mat:
1. Physical Health: Yoga enhances flexibility, strength, and balance. It promotes better posture, alleviates chronic pain, and aids in the management of conditions such as hypertension and diabetes. Through its various asanas (postures), yoga improves circulation and boosts overall physical vitality.
2. Mental Clarity: Practicing yoga helps calm the mind and reduces stress. Techniques such as meditation and deep breathing cultivate mental resilience and emotional stability. Regular yoga practice can lead to a reduction in anxiety and depression, fostering a more positive and focused outlook on life.
3. Enhanced Concentration: Yoga promotes mindfulness and concentration. By focusing on breathing and body alignment, practitioners enhance their ability to remain present and attentive, which can be particularly beneficial in our fast-paced, distraction-filled lives.
4. Emotional Balance: Yoga encourages self-awareness and self-acceptance. It provides tools for managing emotions, promoting a balanced emotional state and fostering a greater sense of compassion and empathy towards oneself and others.
In today’s hectic world, integrating yoga into our daily routine is more crucial than ever. It serves as a powerful tool for personal growth and well-being, offering a refuge from the demands and distractions of modern life. Whether through a structured class or a personal practice at home, incorporating yoga into our lives can lead to profound improvements in our overall quality of life.
Let us use this World Yoga Day as an opportunity to embrace the practice of yoga and its myriad benefits. By committing to regular practice, we not only enhance our own health but also contribute to a more peaceful and harmonious world. Let us unite in this ancient tradition, fostering wellness and balance in our lives and in our communities.
Thank you, and may you all find peace and vitality through the practice of yoga.
Namaste.
2. You are the Head boy/Head girl of your school. Write a speech to be delivered at the morning assembly describing the role of the youth in nation building.
Answer:- Speech on the Role of Youth in Nation Building
Good morning, respected Principal, esteemed teachers, and dear fellow students,
Today, I stand before you with immense pride and a sense of responsibility to discuss a topic that is both close to my heart and crucial to our nation’s future—the role of the youth in nation building.
Youth, the vibrant and energetic force of our society, represents the potential and promise of our country. In every era, the youth have played a pivotal role in shaping the destiny of our nation. From the freedom struggle to the present day, young people have been at the forefront of driving change, inspiring progress, and fostering innovation.
Let us first reflect on the role of the youth during India’s freedom struggle. The young leaders of that time, like Bhagat Singh, Chandra Shekhar Azad, and Subhas Chandra Bose, demonstrated unparalleled courage and commitment to the cause of freedom. They were not merely participants but pivotal players who mobilized millions, challenged the colonial powers, and laid the foundation for the independent India we cherish today. Their sacrifices and visions continue to inspire generations and remind us of the power of youthful idealism and dedication.
In contemporary India, the role of the youth is equally significant but manifests in different ways. Today’s youth are not just inheritors of the nation’s legacy; they are active contributors to its progress. We are living in an era of rapid technological advancements and globalization, and our role has evolved to address new challenges and seize emerging opportunities.
First, the youth are the driving force behind innovation and entrepreneurship. With our creativity and adaptability, we are launching startups, developing new technologies, and finding solutions to age-old problems. Our contributions in science, technology, and business are propelling India towards becoming a global leader.
Second, the youth are instrumental in social change. We are increasingly aware of social issues such as environmental conservation, gender equality, and education. Our activism and volunteer work are crucial in addressing these challenges and advocating for a more just and equitable society.
Third, our role in democracy and governance is crucial. Engaging in political processes, understanding civic responsibilities, and voting are all ways we can influence policies and contribute to the nation’s development. By being informed and active citizens, we help shape a better future for ourselves and future generations.
In conclusion, the role of the youth in nation building is multifaceted and profound. We are the architects of tomorrow, and our actions today will determine the direction of our country’s progress. Let us embrace this responsibility with dedication, enthusiasm, and integrity. As we move forward, let us be inspired by our forebears and strive to contribute positively to our nation’s growth and prosperity.
Thank you.
Assignment - 1 ( Page -130 )
1. Write a Statement of Purpose for admission into a studying Engineering. prestigious foreign university for studying engineering.
Answer:- STATEMENT OF PURPOSE
To the Admissions Committee, [Name of Foreign University]
Date
Introduction: I am [Your Name], an aspiring engineer with a profound interest in [specific field of Engineering, e.g., Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering]. My journey towards pursuing a degree at [Name of Foreign University] has been driven by my unwavering passion for innovation, my disciplined approach to problem-solving, and my eagerness to contribute meaningfully to the field of engineering.
Personality Traits and Interests: I am known for my analytical mindset, strong work ethic, and collaborative nature. Beyond academics, I indulge in hobbies such as [specific hobbies related to engineering, e.g., robotics, coding projects], which have further fueled my enthusiasm for engineering. My involvement in [related extracurricular activities, e.g., engineering clubs, science fairs] has allowed me to apply theoretical knowledge to practical scenarios, enhancing my skills and broadening my perspective.
Academic Background and Reasons for Applying: My academic journey in [Your Current Education Institution] has equipped me with a solid foundation in [relevant subjects, e.g., mathematics, physics], and practical experience through [relevant projects, internships]. I am particularly drawn to [Name of Foreign University] due to its distinguished faculty, cutting-edge research facilities, and its global reputation for fostering innovation. The university’s commitment to [specific aspect of the program, e.g., interdisciplinary learning, hands-on experience] aligns perfectly with my educational and career goals.
Role of the University: I envision [Name of Foreign University] as a catalyst in shaping my engineering career. The university’s emphasis on [specific features, e.g., research opportunities, industry connections, diverse academic environment] will provide me with the necessary tools to excel in my field. I am eager to engage in groundbreaking research, collaborate with leading experts, and participate in a dynamic learning environment that challenges and inspires me.
Future Aspirations: My goal is to leverage the knowledge and skills gained from [Name of Foreign University] to drive advancements in [specific area of interest, e.g., sustainable engineering solutions, innovative technologies]. I am confident that the rigorous academic environment and the diverse experiences offered by the university will significantly contribute to my personal and professional growth, preparing me to make a meaningful impact in the engineering world.
Conclusion: I am enthusiastic about the opportunity to join [Name of Foreign University] and am confident that my passion, academic background, and future aspirations make me a strong candidate for your esteemed program. I look forward to contributing to and growing within your vibrant academic community.
[Your Name]
2. Write a Statement of Purpose for admission to a reputed college describing why you want to take admission in particular course and college.
Answer:- STATEMENT OF PURPOSE
To the Admissions Committee, [Name of Reputed College]
Date
Introduction: I am [Your Name], an enthusiastic and driven individual with a deep-seated passion for [specific course or discipline, e.g., Computer Science, Environmental Engineering]. My aspiration to study at [Name of Reputed College] stems from my dedication to [specific goals or interests related to the course] and my belief that your institution offers the perfect environment to foster my academic and personal growth.
Personality Traits, Interests, and Hobbies: I am characterized by my analytical thinking, creativity, and perseverance. My interests extend beyond academics to hobbies such as [specific hobbies, e.g., coding, volunteering, outdoor adventures], which have complemented my academic pursuits and provided me with a holistic perspective on problem-solving and innovation. Engaging in [related extracurricular activities, e.g., coding competitions, environmental initiatives] has allowed me to apply theoretical concepts to practical scenarios and cultivate skills essential for success in my chosen field.
Reasons for Choosing the Course and College: My decision to pursue [specific course] is driven by a genuine fascination with [specific aspects of the course or field, e.g., software development, sustainable practices]. [Name of Reputed College] stands out as the ideal institution for me due to its distinguished faculty, cutting-edge research facilities, and its reputation for [specific attributes, e.g., fostering innovation, commitment to academic excellence]. The college’s [mention any unique aspects of the program, e.g., interdisciplinary approach, hands-on learning opportunities] aligns perfectly with my educational objectives and career aspirations.
Role of the College in Developing My Future: I foresee [Name of Reputed College] playing a pivotal role in shaping my academic and professional trajectory. The institution’s emphasis on [specific features of the program, e.g., collaborative research, industry partnerships, diverse learning environment] will provide me with invaluable opportunities to enhance my knowledge and skills. I am excited about the prospect of engaging with renowned professors, participating in groundbreaking research, and contributing to a vibrant academic community.
Future Aspirations: My goal is to leverage the expertise and experiences gained at [Name of Reputed College] to [specific future goals, e.g., drive advancements in technology, address environmental challenges]. I am confident that the comprehensive education and dynamic environment offered by your esteemed institution will be instrumental in achieving these aspirations and making a meaningful impact in my field.
Conclusion: I am eager to bring my passion, dedication, and unique perspective to [Name of Reputed College]. I believe that my background, combined with the opportunities provided by your institution, will enable me to thrive academically and contribute positively to the college community. I look forward to the possibility of being part of your esteemed program and furthering my journey in [specific course or discipline].
[Your Name]
Assignment - 3 ( Page - 131 )
1. Write a Personal Profile, to be submitted to the Principal of your school, telling why you should be awarded the trophy for the ‘All Round Best Student of the Year.’
Answer:- PERSONAL PROFILE OF [Your Name]
INTRODUCTION:
I am [Your Name], a student of [Your Class/Grade] at [Your School’s Name]. I am writing to express my sincere interest in being awarded the trophy for the ‘All-Round Best Student of the Year.’ My journey over the past year has been marked by significant academic achievements, active participation in co-curricular and extra-curricular activities, and demonstrated leadership qualities.
ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENTS:
Throughout the academic year, I have consistently maintained a high academic record. I achieved [mention specific academic awards or honors, if any], and excelled in subjects such as [mention subjects you performed exceptionally well in]. My dedication to studies is reflected in my grades and my commitment to academic excellence.
CO-CURRICULAR AND EXTRA-CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES:
Beyond academics, I have actively engaged in various co-curricular and extra-curricular activities. I am a member of the [mention any clubs or societies], where I have contributed to [briefly describe your role and contributions]. My involvement in [mention specific activities or events] has allowed me to hone my skills in [mention skills, e.g., public speaking, creative writing, etc.].
In sports, I have participated in [mention specific sports or competitions], earning accolades such as [mention awards or achievements]. My involvement in these activities has not only enhanced my teamwork and discipline but also fostered a spirit of healthy competition.
LEADERSHIP QUALITIES:
As the [mention any leadership positions, e.g., Head Boy/Head Girl, club president], I have demonstrated strong leadership and organizational skills. I have successfully led [mention any projects or events], which involved coordinating with peers, managing tasks, and ensuring smooth execution. My ability to motivate and guide others has been instrumental in achieving our goals.
REASONS FOR SELECTION:
I believe I should be awarded the ‘All-Round Best Student of the Year’ trophy due to my balanced excellence across academics, co-curricular activities, sports, and leadership roles. My commitment to personal growth and contribution to the school community reflects the qualities of an ideal all-round student. I strive to embody the values of perseverance, integrity, and teamwork, which I believe align with the essence of this prestigious award.
Thank you for considering my application. I am honored to be a part of [Your School’s Name] and look forward to continuing to contribute positively to our school community.
2. Write a Personal Profile to be attached with the application form for admission to a prestigious college in your State.
Answer:- PERSONAL PROFILE OF [Your Name]
INTRODUCTION:
I am [Your Name], a dedicated student with a strong academic record and a passion for [your field of interest, e.g., Science, Humanities, etc.]. I am applying for admission to [College Name] due to its renowned faculty, exceptional academic programs, and its commitment to fostering holistic development. I believe that [College Name] will provide me with the ideal environment to pursue my academic and personal goals.
PERSONAL TRAITS:
I am a proactive and ambitious individual with a keen interest in [your field of interest]. My peers and teachers describe me as diligent, inquisitive, and highly motivated. I have a strong sense of responsibility and a commitment to excellence, which drives me to excel in both academic and extracurricular pursuits.
ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENTS:
Throughout my academic career, I have consistently demonstrated a commitment to academic excellence. I have achieved [mention specific academic honors, such as high grades, awards, or scholarships]. My performance in subjects such as [mention subjects of interest] reflects my dedication and capability in these areas. Additionally, I have excelled in [mention any competitive exams or projects], which further attests to my academic prowess.
OTHER ACHIEVEMENTS:
In addition to my academic accomplishments, I have actively participated in various extracurricular activities. I am an accomplished [mention any specific roles, such as member of a debate team, editor of a school magazine, etc.], and have led [mention any notable projects or events]. My involvement in [mention any community service or internships] has provided me with practical experience and a broader perspective on [mention relevant field or skill].
REASONS FOR COLLEGE SELECTION:
I am particularly drawn to [College Name] because of its [mention specific features such as innovative curriculum, distinguished faculty, research opportunities, etc.]. The college’s commitment to [mention specific values or programs of the college that resonate with you] aligns with my academic and career aspirations. I am impressed by the [mention any specific facilities, clubs, or programs] offered by the college and believe that they will significantly enhance my educational experience.
REASONS FOR ADMISSION:
I am confident that my academic achievements, coupled with my active involvement in extracurricular activities, make me a suitable candidate for admission to [College Name]. My passion for [your field of interest] and my proven track record of leadership and commitment to personal growth align with the values of [College Name]. I am eager to contribute to and benefit from the dynamic academic environment and diverse opportunities that the college provides.
Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to the possibility of contributing to and growing within the esteemed community of [College Name].
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C. Phrasal Verbs
Assignment ( Page - 133 )
Fill in the blanks with the words given in the box.
1. I doubt if Mr Sharma will turn …………………….. for the meeting.
Answer:- up
2 His petition was turned …………………….. by the Supreme Court.
Answer:- down
3. He was worked …………………….. to reach his home early.
Answer:- up
4. He must work …………………….. a plan to save his family.
Answer:- out
5. He gets easily taken ……………………..v at little things.
Answer:- aback
6. The son will take …………………….. the family business this year.
Answer:- over
7. The play turned …………………….. to be a resounding success.
Answer:- out
8. My father turned …………………….. his business to my uncle.
Answer:- over
D. Specimen Paper - 9
Question No. 1
(i) Describe your favourite movie to your uncle who wants to know all about it but wil no have the opportunity to see it..
Answer:- Uncle, I recently watched a movie called PK with three friends, and I think you’d really appreciate it. It’s a thought-provoking film directed by Rajkumar Hirani, starring Aamir Khan in the lead role. The story is both unique and compelling, combining humor with a deep commentary on society and religion.
The film centers around PK, a humanoid alien played by Aamir Khan, who lands on Earth in Rajasthan for a research mission. Unfortunately, PK gets stranded when the remote control for his spaceship is stolen. This remote is essential for him to return home. PK, who is portrayed with such innocence and curiosity, starts searching for the remote, but his journey quickly evolves into a quest to understand human behavior and find a way back to his planet.
PK’s interactions with people lead him to meet Jaggu, a TV reporter played by Anushka Sharma. Jaggu is intrigued by PK’s peculiar behavior and the fact that he is distributing leaflets about “missing Gods.” People around PK misunderstand him due to his strange actions and conclude that he must be intoxicated, hence giving him the nickname “PK.”
As PK starts exploring, he becomes increasingly confused by the diverse religions and their complex traditions. The film uses PK’s perspective to critique how contemporary Indian society is dominated by dogmatic preachers and religious practices that often seem to contradict the very essence of spirituality. The plot cleverly uses PK’s naive observations to question the validity and motives behind various religious rituals, societal norms, and the commercialization of faith.
Aamir Khan’s performance is exceptional. His portrayal of PK, with a distinct Bhojpuri accent and a childlike wonder, is both endearing and thought-provoking. His love for ‘paan’ and the innocent manner in which he navigates the human world adds depth to his character. The supporting cast, including Anushka Sharma, Sanjay Dutt, Sushant Rajput, and Saurabh Shukla, delivers stellar performances that complement the story beautifully and bring it to life.
The film’s music, composed by Shantanu Moitra, is also noteworthy. It enhances the emotional and humorous aspects of the film, adding another layer to the overall experience.
PK is more than just a comedy; it’s a clever and insightful commentary on how religion and societal norms can sometimes overshadow the core values they are meant to promote. It’s a movie that makes you think deeply while keeping you thoroughly entertained, and I highly recommend it as a must-watch for its brilliant storytelling and impactful message.
(iI) Parents are our first and most important teachers. Narrate your experience when you learned a valuable lesson from one of your parents.
Answer:- Parents are indeed our first and most important teachers, and the most significant lesson I learned came from my father. This lesson was about the values of hard work and honesty, and it shaped my approach to life profoundly.
The incident that taught me this lesson occurred during a stressful period in my academic life. I was in high school, and math was a subject I always dreaded. It was during this time that a classmate approached me with an offer I knew was wrong but found tempting. He claimed he had access to the exam question paper and was willing to sell it to me for Rs. 10,000.
Desperate and overwhelmed by the thought of failing, I entertained the idea. I stopped studying for math and, under the pretense of helping a friend whose father was ill, borrowed the money from my mother. This lie felt increasingly heavy on my conscience, but I convinced myself it was a necessary sacrifice for academic success.
On the day I was supposed to collect the question paper, I was filled with anxiety. I went to the designated place with the money, but just as I was about to make the exchange, a nagging feeling of guilt overwhelmed me. My father’s teachings on hard work and honesty echoed in my mind. I remembered his constant emphasis on integrity and the importance of earning rewards through effort rather than shortcuts.
With great difficulty, I turned around and walked back home, feeling a deep sense of shame and remorse. I confessed everything to my parents. I was prepared for their anger and disappointment, but instead, they listened with understanding and concern. My father, with a calm demeanor, advised me never to seek shortcuts in life. He reiterated that hard work and honesty are the only ways to achieve genuine success and personal satisfaction.
His words struck a chord with me, and I realized the truth in them. It was a valuable lesson that taught me the importance of diligence and ethical behavior. From that moment on, I committed to working hard and adhering to principles of honesty, understanding that these values would lead to true and lasting success.
This experience has stayed with me, guiding my decisions and shaping my character. It reinforced my belief that the lessons from my parents are invaluable and that their wisdom has set the foundation for a fulfilling and principled life.
(iII) A common national language will strengthen national integration. Express your views either FOR or AGAINST the given statement.
Answer:- For the View: A Common National Language Will Strengthen National Integration
A common national language is crucial for strengthening national integration in a diverse and multi-lingual country like India. As one of the most linguistically diverse nations in the world, India is home to a myriad of languages and dialects, each representing a unique cultural heritage. However, the adoption of a common national language, such as Hindi, can serve as a unifying force, bridging gaps and fostering a sense of national identity.
First, a common national language provides a uniform medium of communication across the country. This uniformity facilitates clearer communication between individuals from different linguistic backgrounds, reducing misunderstandings and promoting mutual understanding. It strengthens human bonds, fosters brotherhood, and enhances social cohesion by allowing people to connect more easily across regional divides.
Second, the presence of a shared language encourages greater interaction among people from various regions. When citizens can communicate in a common language, they are more likely to engage in dialogues, collaborate, and build relationships beyond their immediate communities. This increased interaction promotes national integration by bringing together individuals from diverse backgrounds and fostering a collective national identity.
Third, a common language can significantly contribute to educational and economic uniformity. By standardizing the language of instruction in schools and colleges, a common national language helps in creating a more cohesive education system. It ensures that students across the country have access to similar educational resources and opportunities, reducing disparities. Additionally, it can streamline administrative processes and enhance economic interactions by providing a consistent medium for business and governance.
Fourth, the use of a common language in official communications and media helps in reducing economic, social, and political disparities. It facilitates the dissemination of information and services to a wider audience, ensuring that all citizens, regardless of their regional language, have access to important government programs and policies. This inclusivity promotes equitable development and social justice.
In conclusion, while India’s linguistic diversity is a source of rich cultural heritage, adopting a common national language can play a pivotal role in enhancing national integration. It fosters communication, encourages interaction, and helps in creating a unified educational and economic framework, ultimately contributing to a more cohesive and harmonious society.
Against the View: A Common National Language May Not Strengthen National Integration
While the idea of a common national language may seem beneficial for national integration, the practical implications of imposing a single language on a diverse population can be contentious and problematic. India’s linguistic, cultural, and socio-economic diversity is immense, and forcing a common language may lead to significant issues.
First, India is a country with a rich tapestry of languages, each representing its own cultural and historical significance. Imposing a common national language may be perceived as an encroachment on regional linguistic rights and cultural identities. Such an imposition can lead to resistance and resentment among people who view their native languages as integral to their identity and heritage.
Second, the diversity of languages in India reflects the country’s multi-ethnic and multi-cultural nature. A common language might overshadow and marginalize regional languages, causing a loss of cultural diversity. The uniqueness of regional languages, traditions, and customs is a vital part of India’s national identity. A one-size-fits-all approach may inadvertently undermine these rich traditions.
Third, the notion that a common language will bridge all gaps might overlook the deep-rooted socio-economic and political disparities that exist. Language alone cannot address issues such as poverty, inequality, and regional development disparities. These problems require targeted policies and interventions beyond mere linguistic uniformity.
Fourth, the adoption of a common language could exacerbate existing tensions between linguistic groups. If a particular language is imposed as the national language, it may favor certain regions over others, leading to a sense of alienation and conflict. Historical and political sensitivities associated with language issues could be aggravated, rather than resolved.
In conclusion, while a common national language might offer some benefits in terms of communication, it is essential to consider the complexities and potential drawbacks of such a policy. India’s linguistic diversity is a fundamental aspect of its cultural richness, and efforts to promote national integration should respect and embrace this diversity rather than attempting to override it. Balancing national unity with linguistic and cultural respect is crucial for a truly integrated and harmonious society.
(iV) Memories.
Answer:- Memories are both a pleasure and a pain, offering a unique blend of joy and nostalgia. They are the remnants of our past, treasures that we occasionally revisit, bringing with them a mix of comfort and longing.
One of the most cherished ways I experience memories is through old family photo albums. Each photograph acts as a time capsule, preserving moments from different stages of life—childhood days filled with laughter, school years brimming with learning and friendships, and various life events that shaped who I am today. Flipping through these pages is like taking a nostalgic trip that is both refreshing and bittersweet.
Looking at old photographs often brings back vivid recollections of my favorite toys, pets, and the loving presence of relatives. I remember playing with cherished toys that sparked my imagination, spending countless hours with pets that offered unconditional companionship, and sharing moments with relatives who were integral to my upbringing. These memories provide a comforting sense of continuity and connection to my past, reinforcing the bonds that have shaped my identity.
However, as I glance at these images, I can’t help but notice how much has changed over the years. The faces of friends who have drifted away, the places that have evolved or disappeared, and the personal transformations that time has brought can evoke a deep sense of nostalgia. There is often a longing for the simplicity and happiness of those bygone days, a yearning to recapture moments that are now only memories. This reflection sometimes brings a mix of joy and sadness, highlighting the passage of time and the impermanence of life.
Despite the occasional pang of sadness that accompanies this reflection, these past memories serve as a source of inspiration for the future. They remind me of the experiences and lessons that have shaped my journey and motivate me to cherish and create new moments. The pleasure derived from reliving these memories reinforces the value of preserving and honoring our past while moving forward.
In essence, memories are a tapestry of joy and sorrow, offering a window into the past and a guide for the future. They remind us of where we come from and inspire us to continue building a life full of meaningful experiences. Embracing these memories allows us to appreciate the richness of our lives and encourages us to create new chapters that will one day become cherished recollections of their own.
(v) History is the biography of great men. Present your reflections on this statement.
Answer:- Thomas Carlyle, in his seminal work “Heroes and Hero-Worship,” posits that “Universal history, the history of what man has accomplished in this world, is at bottom the history of the Great Men who worked there.” This assertion suggests that history is essentially a chronicle of remarkable individuals whose actions and decisions have shaped the course of events.
Carlyle’s perspective emphasizes the impact of exceptional individuals in history—those whose strong character, dominant personalities, and intellectual prowess have made a significant difference. For instance, Martin Luther’s bold initiation of the Reformation fundamentally altered the religious landscape of Europe. Similarly, Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s ideas were pivotal in igniting the French Revolution, which reshaped the political structure of France and inspired democratic movements worldwide. In India, Mahatma Gandhi’s leadership and philosophy of non-violence guided the nation towards independence, demonstrating how a single individual’s vision and determination can influence an entire country’s destiny.
These examples illustrate Carlyle’s notion that great men play a crucial role in defining historical movements. Their actions and ideas often serve as catalysts for change, inspiring masses and altering the trajectory of societies. Such individuals are frequently remembered and celebrated for their contributions, making them central figures in historical narratives.
However, the statement that “history is the biography of Great Men” is only partially correct. History is not solely the domain of these extraordinary individuals. The broader context of their achievements includes the collective efforts of many lesser-known people who contribute to the backdrop against which these great men operate. The struggles, aspirations, and everyday lives of countless individuals form the foundation upon which significant historical events occur. Without the support, resistance, and contributions of ordinary people, even the most remarkable leaders would struggle to realize their visions.
For instance, Gandhi’s success in leading the Indian independence movement was facilitated by the collective efforts of millions of Indians who participated in protests, boycotts, and other forms of resistance. Similarly, the Reformation and the French Revolution were not only the results of Luther’s or Rousseau’s ideas but also the actions and support of the people who resonated with those ideas and participated in the resulting social changes.
In summary, while great men undoubtedly play a pivotal role in shaping history, it is essential to recognize that history is also a tapestry woven from the experiences and contributions of many individuals. The lives of extraordinary figures are interlinked with the broader societal currents, making history a complex interplay between individual brilliance and collective effort. Thus, the statement that history is the biography of great men captures a significant aspect of historical development but does not encompass the entire scope of historical influences.
(vI) Write a short story ending with, “Let us be thankful for the fools; but for them, the rest of us could not have succeeded.”
Answer:- Archana, a sharp-witted girl with a keen sense of style, was eagerly looking forward to an evening party. The invitation had a specific dress code, but as luck would have it, she found herself with no dress that met the requirements. Determined not to miss out on the event, she decided to go shopping.
As Archana scoured the local markets, she found that the exact color and size she wanted were nowhere to be found. Each shop seemed to offer something close but never quite right. Just as she was about to give up, she stumbled upon a quaint little boutique on a quiet street.
Inside the shop, she spotted it—a dress that was just perfect. Its vibrant color and elegant cut matched the dress code precisely. Archana’s heart raced with excitement, but there was a hitch. A young woman across the store was eyeing the same dress. The girl’s interest was evident; she was clearly contemplating buying it.
Archana knew she had to act fast. She approached the salesman and pointed at the coveted dress, casually inquiring if it was available. The salesman confirmed that it was indeed the last piece in stock. Archana’s mind raced, and she quickly devised a clever plan.
Feigning disinterest, she remarked that the dress seemed rather old-fashioned, casting a critical eye over it. The girl’s brows furrowed with suspicion, and she began to reconsider her choice. Archana continued to praise other dresses in the shop, subtly guiding the girl’s attention away from the one she wanted. She even suggested that the other dresses had better styles, hoping to sow seeds of doubt in the girl’s mind.
Eventually, the girl, now clearly doubtful and somewhat discouraged, decided to leave the store, grumbling about the lack of fashionable options. Archana seized the opportunity, quickly purchasing the dress and leaving the shop with a triumphant smile. She felt a thrill of victory, knowing she had outwitted the competition.
As she walked home, Archana couldn’t help but feel a deep sense of satisfaction. She thought about the young woman who had unwittingly helped her secure the perfect outfit. Reflecting on the incident, Archana felt a pang of gratitude mixed with amusement.
“Let us be thankful for the fools; but for them, the rest of us could not have succeeded,” she mused, echoing Mark Twain’s words. The young woman’s naive actions had unintentionally cleared the path for Archana’s success, turning what could have been a frustrating shopping experience into a memorable and victorious moment.
Question No. 2
(i) You have been asked to deliver a speech on the occasion of ‘Teachers Day’ in your school. Prepare a suitable speech to be delivered at the morning assembly based on the points given below. You may include other relevant details.
Greet all your teachers why is Teachers Day celebrated on September 5 every year – role of teachers in the life of a student examples of great personalities, who give credit to their teachers for their success your personal example, when your teachers helped you to achieve something remarkable thank all the teachers.
Answer:- Speech for Teachers’ Day
Good morning, respected teachers, dear students, and everyone present here,
Today, we gather to celebrate a day that holds immense significance for all of us—Teachers’ Day. On this special occasion, I am honored to extend my heartfelt greetings to all our beloved teachers. Your dedication, passion, and unwavering support are truly invaluable to us.
Teachers’ Day is celebrated on September 5th each year in India to honor Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, a distinguished scholar, philosopher, and our second President, whose birthday falls on this day. Dr. Radhakrishnan believed in the transformative power of education and the pivotal role that teachers play in shaping the future of students. His belief in the profound impact of teaching is the cornerstone of why we celebrate this day.
Teachers are the guiding lights in our lives. They are not just conveyors of knowledge but also mentors, motivators, and role models. They nurture our dreams, help us overcome challenges, and inspire us to reach our full potential. The role of a teacher extends far beyond the confines of the classroom; they instill values, encourage curiosity, and build the foundation for a lifetime of learning.
Let us take a moment to reflect on some of the great personalities who have publicly acknowledged the vital role of their teachers. Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam, the ‘Missile Man’ of India, often spoke about how his teachers’ encouragement and guidance shaped his vision and achievements. Similarly, the renowned physicist Albert Einstein credited his teachers for igniting his passion for science and encouraging his pursuit of knowledge.
On a more personal note, I would like to share an experience that highlights the profound impact of our teachers. Recently, I was struggling with a challenging project that seemed insurmountable. It was my teachers who stepped in with their guidance, patience, and encouragement, helping me to not only complete the project but also excel in it. Their support was instrumental in transforming a daunting task into a remarkable achievement. This experience has left an indelible mark on me and has reaffirmed the vital role that teachers play in our lives.
As we celebrate Teachers’ Day today, let us express our deepest gratitude to all our teachers. Thank you for your relentless efforts, your belief in us, and your commitment to our growth. Your influence extends far beyond the classroom, shaping our futures and helping us become better individuals.
In conclusion, let us honor our teachers not just today, but every day, for their contributions to our personal and academic development.
Happy Teachers’ Day to all our wonderful teachers. May you continue to inspire and guide us with the same dedication and passion.
Thank you.
(iI) As the Head Boy/Head Girl of your school, you have been given the responsibility of setting up the ‘Lenscraft Club’ in your school aimed at grooming the budding photographers. Write a proposal, in not more than 150 words, stating the steps you would take to set up this club.
[The proposal should include: (i) An introduction; (ii) Objectives; (iii) List of measures to be taken. A concluding statement is desirable.]
Answer:- PROPOSAL FOR ESTABLISHING THE ‘LENSCRAFT CLUB’
Introduction/Heading: To establish the ‘Lenscraft Club’ in our school to nurture and develop the skills of budding photographers.
Objectives: The Lenscraft Club aims to provide students with a platform to explore and enhance their photography skills through hands-on experience, workshops, and exhibitions. The club will also encourage creativity and artistic expression through photography.
List of Measures:
1. Recruiting interested students and forming a club committee to oversee activities.
2. Organizing workshops on photography techniques, camera usage, and photo editing.
3. Providing access to cameras and editing software for club members.
4. Hosting regular photo contests and exhibitions to showcase student work.
5. Collaborating with professional photographers for guest lectures and mentorship.
We hope that the proposal will be accepted so that the Lenscraft Club can be established and offer valuable opportunities for students passionate about photography.
Question No. 3
(i) In each of the following items, sentence I is complete, while sentence II is not. Complete sentencell, making it as similar as possible to sentencel. Write sentence II in each case.
Example:
(z) (I) Is there any information on the label about the ingredients?
(II) Does …………………………………………………………………….
Answer: (z) Does the label give any information about the ingredients?
(a) (I) Your rail season-ticket is valid till the month-end.
(II) You cannot …………………………………………………………………….
Answer:- (a) You can’t avail the season-ticket after the month-end.
(b) (I) “I borrowed the money yesterday and I will return it tomorrow,” he said to her.
(II) He …………………………………………………………………….
Answer:- (b) He told her that he had borrowed the money the previous day and would return it the next day.
(c) (I) Nobody expected Sonia to perform so well in her test.
(II) Everyone was …………………………………………………………………….
Answer:- (c) Everyone was not expecting Sonia to perform so well in her test.
(d) (I) As we were driving down the hill, a strange object was seen in the sky.
(II) We saw …………………………………………………………………….
Answer:- (d) We saw a strange object in the sky as we drove down the hill.
(e) (I) They had hardly got out of the hall, before the roof collapsed.
(II) No sooner …………………………………………………………………….
Answer:- (e) No sooner had they got out of the hall than the roof collapsed.
(iI) Fill in each blank with a suitable word. (Do not write the sentence.)
(a) Do not fall ………………….. with your brothers.
(b) The scheme fell ………………….. for want of support.
(c) She has gone ………………….. many hardships.
(d) My cousin went ………………….. in a balloon.
(e) How is your son getting ………………….. at college?
(f) It is hard to get ………………….. this road at night.
(g) The Principal will look ………………….. the matter.
(h) I look ………………….. them as my superiors.
(i) He made ………………….. the big bungalow at the end of the street.
(j) We expect the government to make ………………….. for our losses.
Answers:-
(a) out
(b) through
(d) up
(e) on
(f) on
(g) into
(h) on
(c) through
(i) for
(j) up
(iII) Fill in the blanks in the passage given below with the appropriate form of the verb given in brackets. Do not write the passage but write the verbs in the correct order.
A day after Japan [ (1) (strike) ] by a monster earthquake-tsunami, the worst fears of the country seemed [ (2) (come) ] true. Radiation leak from a damaged nuclear reactor after an explosion [ (3) (blow) ] the roof off the nuclear facility. Four workers [ (4) (injure) ] in the blast and it [ (5) (report) ] that three workers [ (6) (suffer) ] radiation exposure.
The trouble [ (7) (begin) ] at the plant after the massive quake [ (8) (knock) ] out power, depriving it of its cooling system. The explosion [ (9) (bring) ] on by hydrogen [ (10) (interact) ] with oxygen outside the reactor.
Answers:-
1. was struck
2. to have come
3. blew
4. were injured
5. was reported
6. suffered
7. began
8. knocked
9. was brought
10. interacting
Question No. 4
(i) (a) Given below are three words and phrases. Find the words which have a similar meaning in the passage:
(1) largess ……………………………………………………………………………….
Answer:- liberality (line 5)
(2) dislike ……………………………………………………………………………….
Answer:- disgust (line 18)
(3) mockingly ……………………………………………………………………………….
Answer:- sardonically (line 30)
(b) For each of the words given below, choose the correct sentence that uses the same word unchanged in spelling, but with a different meaning from that which it carries in the passage: [3]
(1) pocket (line 1)
(A) I dug into the pocket in my purse to pull out a handkerchief.
(B) He put his hand inside his pocket and took out a wad of notes.
(C) Maya fished for her key in her coat pocket.
(D) He hails from a rather backward pocket of the city.
Answer:- (D) He hails from a rather backward pocket of the city.
(2) change (line 27)
(A) The ability to embrace change easily is an enviable quality.
(B) He requested the salesman to give him change for a hundred dollars.
(C) A small change in strategy resulted in significant savings.
(D) Personal growth often requires the willingness to change one’s ways.
Answer:- (B) He requested the salesman to give him change for a hundred dollars.
(3) firm (line 32)
(A) The mountain climber found a firm foothold along the steep climb.
(B) Her decision was firm and not open to discussion.
(C) The tech firm revolutionised the clothing industry with cutting-edge innovations.
(D) The architect designed a building with a firm foundation.
Answer:- (C) The tech firm revolutionised the clothing industry with cutting-edge innovations.
(iI) Answer the following questions in your own words as briefly as possible:
(a) What did Ides say about his imaginary fears? ……………………………………………………………………………….
Answer:– Ides feared that he would not remain alive to inherit his uncle’s wealth as something unfortunate would happen to him like a tree would fall on him or a cab would run over him or a stone would drop on him.
(b) How did Vallance show that he was concerned about Ides? ……………………………………………………………………………….
Answer:- Vallance showed his concern for Ides by staying with him in the park for the night and accompanying him to the lawyer’s office the next morning lest something untoward should happen to him.
(c) State the circumstances that led Vallance to faint ……………………………………………………………………………….
Answer:- Vallance was disinherited by his uncle and was therefore, left with no money to fend for himself. He fainted when he suddenly and unexpectedly came to know that his uncle had changed his decision and that he would continue to be his heir as before.
(iII) Compare the fortunes of Vallance with that of Ides, as mentioned in paragraphs 2 to8. You are required to write the summary in the form of a connected passage in about 100 words. Failure to keep within the word limit will be penalised.
Answer:- Vallance was disinherited by his uncle and left with no money for his upkeep. He met Ides, who was supposed to get an inheritance from his uncle. Ides was afraid that he would die before inheriting his uncle’s wealth because of some untoward happening. Vallance accompanied Ides to lawyer’s Mead, who told Ides that due to a change in his uncle’s decision he would not get any wealth now. He told Vallance that he would continue to inherit his uncle’s wealth.
Vallance got the fortune he never expected to get back and Ides lost the wealth he dreaded to have.
